PAU, REGIONAL RESEARCH STATION, KAPURTHALA
About the Centre
Kapurthala city in Punjab state of India is the administrative headquarters of Kapurthala District. Kapurthala was once the capital of Kapurthala State, a princely state in pre-independence India, ruled by the Ahluwalia Sikh rulers. It is also known as city of Palaces & Gardens. It is the least populated city in India according to 2011 census.The City of Kapurthala has several buildings and places of interest linked to its local history such as the Sainik School (Formerly Jagatjit Palace), Shalimar Bagh (Gardens), District Courts buildings, Moorish Mosque, Panch Mandir ("Five Temples"), Clock Tower, State Gurudwara, Kanjli Wetlands, Jagjit Club, and the NJSA Government College. The city also has first climatic change theatre of country. Kapurthala is situated at 31o3715' N, 75o3937' E and 225-300 meter above mean sea level. The average annual rainfall of the location is 640.37 mm and the average annual temperature is 23.1 ºC. The month with highest relative humidity is August (82.06 %) and lowest relative humidity is in May (33.82 %). The soil of Kapurthala District is majorly alluvial soil in the region helps in producing crops such as Paddy, Wheat, Sugarcane, Maize and Potato. It has sub-tropical type of climate and it receives 600-650 mm mean annual rainfall. Visitors can visit the city during winter months (December to March), when the climate is mild and cold. PAU, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, Punjab was set up in 1973. The centre has clay loam type of soil with pH 7.5-8.8 and suitable for sugarcane cultivation. Sugarcane research was shifted to Regional Research Station, Kapurthala in year 2012.
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Achievements
Early maturing varieties
CoPb 95 (2021) The canes of this variety are tall, thick with zigzag internode alignment and purplish green in colour with broad leaf canopy. Its’ juice contains 17% sucrose in the month of December. It has field resistance to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease, moderately resistant to smut and also less susceptible to top borer. It is a good ratooner, non-lodging and frost tolerant. The average cane yield is about 425 quintals per acre.
CoPb 96 (2021) The canes of this variety are medium thick, cylindrical and yellowish green in colour. Its’ juice contains 16-17% and 18% sucrose in the months of November and December, respectively. It is a good ratooner. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. Quality of gur is very good. The average cane yield is about 382 quintals per acre.
Co 15023 (2021) The canes of this variety are medium thick, cylindrical and yellowish green in colour. Its’ juice contains 16-17 and 18% sucrose in the month of November and December, respectively. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. The average cane yield is about 310 quintals per acre.
CoPb 92 (2017) The canes of this variety are tall, medium thick and purple green in colour. The average cane yield is about 335 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 16-17% sucrose in the month of November and 18% in December. It is a good ratooner. It is tolerant to most of the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease and frost. Quality of gur is also good.
Co 0118 (2015) It has thick purple green coloured canes and average cane yield of plant is about 320 quintal per acre. Its juice contains 16% sucrose in the month of November and 17% in December. It has field resistance to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. It is shy tillering variety, an average ratooner and its gur quality is excellent.
CoJ 85 (2000) Its is a shy tillering variety with thick green coloured canes. The average cane yield of plant crop is about 305 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 16-17% sucrose in the month of November and 18-18.5% in December. It is tolerate to most of the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease and tolerates low temperatures stress too. It is an average ratooner and susceptible to red stripe disease. Due to its heavy canes it is prone to lodging, hence requires proper earthing up.
CoJ 64 (1975) The variety is good germinator with profuse tillering and medium compact growth. Its canes are medium thick, greenish yellow, solid and weighty. The average cane yield is about 300 quintals per acre. The sucrose content in juice in November is 16-17 per cent. It has become highly susceptible to red rot. It is susceptible to top borer. Quality of gur is excellent.
Mid-late maturing varieties
CoPb 98 (2021) The canes of this variety are tall, thick and yellowish white in colour. The average cane yield is about 390 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 17% sucrose in the month of January and 19% in March. It is a good ratooner. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. Quality of gur is also good.
CoPb 93 (2017) The canes of this variety are tall, thick and yellowish white in colour. The average cane yield is about 390 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 17% sucrose in the month of January and 19% in March. It is a good ratooner. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. Quality of gur is also good.
CoPb 94 (2017) The canes of this variety are tall, thick, cylindrical and yellow green in colour. The average cane yield is about 400 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 16% and 19% sucrose in the month of January and March, respectively. It is a good ratooner. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot and smut diseases.
CoPb 91 (2014) The canes of this variety are tall, thick and yellow green in colour. The average cane yield is about 410 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 17% sucrose in the month of January. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. It is a good ratooner.
Co 0238 (2015) The canes of this variety are tall, medium thick and yellow green in colour. The average cane yield is about 365 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 17% sucrose in the month of January. It is susceptible to top borer and tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. It is a good ratooner, quality of gur is also good.
CoJ 88 (2002) The canes of this variety are tall, medium thick and greyish green in colour. The average cane yield of the plant crop is about 335 quintals per acre. Its juice contains 17-18% sucrose in the month of December. It tends to behave as early-mid in maturity and also suitable for saline water conditions. It is tolerant to the prevalent pathotypes of red rot disease. It is an excellent ratooner. It is good for cogeneration. Quality of gur is excellent.
Other Recommendations:
1. Integrated management of early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus with pheromone traps and Trichogramma chilonis in sugarcane was recommended by REC.
2. Integrated management of top borer, Scirpohaga excerptalis with pheromone traps and Trichogramma japonicum in sugarcane was recommended by REC.
3. Recommendation for autumn sugarcane intercropping with one row of rapeseed-mustard (GSC 7/GSC 6/RLC 3/PC 6/ PBR 357) in sugarcane planted at 120:30 cm paired row trench planting system.
4. Recommendation of two rows of Okra as an intercrop in the spring planted sugarcane at 90:30 cm or 120:30 cm paired row trench planting system.
5. Recommendation of five rows of onion (rabi) as an intercrop in autumn sugarcane planted at 120:30 cm paired row trenches with 100 % RDF on actual intercrop area basis.
6. Recommendation of one row of capsicum as an intercrop with recommended fertilizer based on actual cropped area in the autumn planted sugarcane planted at 120:30 cm paired row trench planting system.
7. Recommendation of one row of tomato raised as an intercropped in autumn sugarcane planted at 120:30 cm paired row trenches with 50 % RDF on actual intercrop area basis.
8. Recommendation of soaking of sugarcane setts in 100ppm ethephon for better germination and higher cane yield.
9. Recommendation of two rows of broccoli/cauliflower as an intercrop in autumn sugarcane planted paired row trenches with 100 % RDF on actual intercrop area basis for higher returns.